Rotary motor.



S. T. HOLLY.

ROTARY MOTOR. I APPLICATION FILED MARX 1901. EBKEWKB JANA. 190m. 93 1,872. Patented Aug. 24. 1909.,

E SHEETSSHEBT 2.

I 'W'TNEss-Es 4 Ns/ENTOR a QM MMWW T. HOLLY.

RQTARY MOTOR.

AEELIGATXUF TlLII: MAR. 11. 1901, RENEWED JARJI, 1936.,

Patented Aug. 24. 1.99

s sums-5mm 4.

TNESSES S. T. HOLLY.

ROTARY MOTOR.

APPLICATION r-ILnn 2.11, 1901. anmzwm) Inn. 1906.

Patented Aug. 24. 1909. 6 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

v rmk-mwiertttrx)? rnhatfz/ v SW/W wnwzsss INVENTOR S. T. HOLLY ROTARY MOTOR.

nrucrnox rum: 3.11. 1901. snnwnn mum, 1900.

931,872. Patented Aug. 24. 1909. v I 8 SHEETS-SHEET U.

- wifneaas: inventor. V

I $020M: zzwnsendjlall' %W 4 r? :r onrros SOLOMON TOWNSEND HOLLY, 0F LOS ANGELES. CALIFOBNLA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-FOURTH TO LUTHER 1E. MARSTON, ONE-FOURTH TO ANNA HAY MARSTON. AND ONE-FOURTH TO CARRIE C. HOLLY, ALL OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORHI'A'.

ROTARY MOTOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

atented Aug. 2-4., 1909.

To all vrllom, it may concern:

llc it known that I. Soumox Towxsnxo llonm a citizen of the United States. resid ing at Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and State of California, have invented a new and useful Rotary Motor. of which the following is. a specification.

This invention relates to engines or motors, and particularly to that class thereof known as turbine rotary-motors; and some of the objects of the invention are to provide an engine or motor of this cl'iaraeter capable of running at a high rate of speed; and to provide compounding attaclnnents adapted to increase the power. That is to say, by .his invention I produce a turbine rotary-engine of great torque, by means of which high steam pressures can be utilized economically, and without an excessively high rotary speed of the power-shaft.

Another object of the invention is to provide such a motor ha\ iug a piston requiring no packing. and running without contact with the stationary parts of the apparatus.

It is also an object of the invention to produce a motor or engine having a stationary part. provided with annular grooves. for the reception of the actuating medium, thereby forming a packing between that part and the piston.

A further object of the invention is to provide a device for regulating simultaneously the inlet of the actuating medium to the piston; a'nd to atford means to provide for the enlargement of that device when nceessary by reason of the expansion of the parts by heating.

Still another object of the invention is to provide frusto-conical inlet-ports, arranged in groups. each of which has ports of various sizes.

l urthermore. an object of this invention is to provide a piston constructed of less expansiblti material than the adjacent parts, to prevent frictionbetwecn the parts by reason of the greater liability of the piston to expansion by heating; and also to provide compomnling devices to utilize all of the potency in the actuating medium.

With these. and other objects in view, the invention consists essentially in the construction, combination and ar'angcnu-nt of parts substantially .us: hereinafter more fully described in the following, specification, and

the oppmite end thereof.

broken away and partly in section.

. a way.

illustrated in the accompanying drawings. forming part. of this application, in whu-h- Figure l is an end elevatlonal view. partly roken awa) and partly in section. of a rotary-cngine or motor embodying theinvcih tion. The cnd-disk or bark-head ol' the engine is omitted from this view. Fig. ll is a similar view. partially broken away. of The. end-disk or head of the engine is shown partly broken away. Fig. III is a top plan v ew. partly Fig. IV is a detail view. showing. in developed plan. a portion of the peripherv of the pistdii, with the peripheral bands partly broken Fig. V is a central section taken on line Figs. i. ll and Ill. looking toward the feed-pipe or induction-inlet or nozzle. of one of the ()Hltl(702N110!Hltllllg-(lldifi. Fig. vii is an edge view of said outer conipounding-disk detached. Fig. VIII is a view oi the inside face of one of the intermediate co:npounding-disks. Fig. 1). is an edge view of raid intermmliatc compounding-disks partially in section to show in torim' tf)!l-.ll'li(ll()ll. Fig. X is a fragmental view of the ir ide face of one of the inner compounding-d View of said inner compounding-disk. Fig. XII is a fragmental .view of the outer face of one of the directing-rings. Figf'XllI is an edge view of said ring. Fig. XIV is a fragmcntal detail of the end of the piston. Fig. XV is a sectional dcielopmeut of portion of the piston and the adjacent. series of guidevancs. Fig. XVI is a side view of the piston, partly broken away to show the guide-vanes. Similar characters of reference designate corrcspomling parts throughout the several news.

- Referring to the drawings. the reference character 1 designates the end-disk or hack head of a rotary motor or engine. which may be relmovably secured to the cylindrical casing 2 by bolts oi screws and the casing is n'efcrably provided with a tangential feedpipe. inlet, or imluction-nozzle 3 and with an exhaust-outlet or edtu-tion-outlet l of any preferred construction. and an end-disk or front-head 3' is similarly secured upon the other side of the casing 2 as shown.

Fig. VI is a view of the inside far-o Fig. Xl isan edge' Mounted in bearings formed in the front ably of as slight diameter as is consistent with amplestrrngth, and d sirably provided with long hearings in order to diminish friction; and an oiling-device is also provided for the shaft l substantially as detailed at T in -lrig. V of the drawings.

The rotary part which receives the impulse of the iinpelling medium and transmits the same to the ,power-shai't ti, consists of a mid-piston proper and a greater or iv; number of disks fastened to the (JPlHhiltf ends of the piston proper and forming compounding extensions thereof. The. di-ks which occupy corresponding positions at the opposite ends of the piston proper are complementary to each other, but are otherwise alike. That is to say, a cvrosseeetiou at the mid-length ot' the piston would separate'it and its atta hed parts into two complementary halves. lhe torque of the engine is increased by addition to the compoundingdisks; and the action of the steam upon the halves of the piston and the compoundingdisks is equally disposed upon the opposite sides of the middle of the piston'so that there is'no end thrust upon the power-shaft (3.

Referring particularly to Fig. the reference character 8 designates a piston suitably secured upon the shaft (Sand preferably provided with peripheral buckets 9, Figs. 1V, V, and IX, desirably parabolic in form and enlarged toward their outlets. Sa id buckets may be cast or cut in the piston, and open laterally at the opposite ends of the piston, while the inlets to the buckets lie in a plane intermediate of the periphery of the piston as shown inlfigs. 1V and V of the drawings.

I will now particularly describe the'construction of the engine by referring to the' parts m the singular number, it be1ng'understoo'd that the same character is applied inthserm-nnately to both of the corresponding parts which he onopposite sides of the middle 01' the piston.

Within the casing 2 and encircling the piston 8 is a stationary ring 10, Figs. 1 and V, {preferably provided with fl'tISttJ-COIliCill'llh dot-ports l1. desirably arranged in groups of three;.the ports ofeach group being o'fvary- Jug sizes and also disposed tangentially to the periphery of the piston 8 so as to allow the steam or other hnpelling tluid to pass tlu-rethrough directly intothe buckets t); and this ring 10 is preferably pmvided with annular grooves 12 arran ed oireach side of the inlet-ports 11.. and de. rably constructed with an acute angle, as shown in Fig. V, to 1'eeeive :nul retard the escape, it any, of the actuating medium from the ports. so as to constitute a fluid-packing between the ring 1 and the piston 8, thus reducing any liability ol the est-ape ol' the impelling fluid around th pelilphenv of the piston. 'llu: piston is to run tree and out, of contact with the stationary parts of the motor. to obviate the los v of any power by l'riction betwe n .-aid parts. and al o lu allow for greater expath-loll of the li lttll than the other parts. It is to be ttlultt'-tootl however, that the construction of the piston and the parts which direct the steam or other iinpelliug lluid to it is such that the liability of leakage is (2011b paratively small. regardless of the presence or absence of said grooves.

Suitably secured upon the periphery of the piston are hands ti, which cover or serve as closures for the top of the buckets U. betw'een the inlets and Utlllt'l:-. thereof and which overlap or project. slightly over the inlets of said buckets, as shown in Fiq. V, and lorm between them a slot or channel through whieh'the steam or other impelling tluid passes into the buckets; and these bands 13 do not. contact with the ring 10 or any other stationary parts. but a slight space is left. between the bands 13 and the rings 10. which space is occupied by the steam-paeking. as above described.

The inlets of buckets 9 are in the plane of ports 11 and are laterally very slightly larger than the said ports. so as to have substantially the same capacity for the expansive fluid and to permit the tluid moving at high velocity to enter these inlets without -st riking the sides of the slot aforesaid. The cover or closure bands 13 eontine the tluid against outward movement. and the buckets being throughout, 2'. a. between the inlets and outlets, of as great a. capacity, or preferably of a greater capacity, or crossseetional area, than the said inlets. there is no backpressure or hilt-K tlow through the inlets.

The casing 2 is furnished with an inwardly projecting channeled rihg 200, the -ehannel or annular pressure chamber 201 of which forms the termination of the feedpipe 3. The channeled ring 200 surrounds the stationary rings 10 tosupply steam to the inlets it all around the piston.

Itemovably secured upon tilt'll side or edge of the channeled ring 200 and the ring it). and extending inward to inclose the rim of the piston S at the opposite ends thereof is a stationary directing-ring or annular disk t4, preferably provided with vanes 15 int-lined in the direction of the motion of the piston so that the actuating medium issuing from the outlets of the buckets t), after having been reversed in direction by the parabolic formation of the buckets, will strike against the vanes 15: and these vanes will tend tc dire t the inna-lling-iluid. in its initial dire tion. (that is to say. in the. direction given it by the taia ential inlet-ports ll). against. the vanes it; of the inner eompoluuling-disk 17 whi h is removably secured to and carried by the piston S as shown in Fig. oi the 1 drawing.

is preferably provided with a concave or recessed central portion 20 and with an elongated hub 21, to receive the hub of the spindle 8, to facilitate the securing of the disk in position.

Bemovably secured over the inner disk 17 is an intermediatecompounding-disk preferablyprovided with a concave or recessed central portion 23, desirably cottstructed 'to enter the similar portion of the inner disk 17, and be secured in position by screws or other devices, substantially as shown in F i and the central portion 23 is preferably provided with vanes 24, inclined tangentially in a direction opposite to the line of motion of the piston, to receive the force of the actuating medium deflected ainst the same by the concave rim of the disk. Y

Secured over the intermediate disk .22 is an outer disk 25, preferably provided with tangential peripheral vanes 26, inclined in the line of motion of the piston, and constructed to receive the steam from the central portion of the intermediate disk 22, and finally discharge the same through ports to into the casing 2, from which it passes through the exhaust or outlet-nozzle at, in the usual manner.

The regulating or valve device cmljtodies a movable ring 27, preferably provided with openings 28, at. predetermined positions, constructed to admitsteam to the ports 11. or any of them, for the purpose of cont-rolling the supply-of steam to the piston, as shown in Figs. l and V.

In order to fit the valve-ring QT'closcly upon the stationary inlet-port-ring 10 without danger of becomino tight l'rom unequal expansion, said valve-ring)? is preferably formed in two equal segments (1, 7'. Fig. II. the ends of which are respectively furnished with projecting tongues 40, 4]. which fit upon each other and the outermost tongue -'l1 is furnished with a slot 42 and the innermost tongue 40 is furnisl'icd with a stud 43 to fit in said' slot and to project slightly above the tongue 41. 4-1 is a washer seated on the top of'said stud and (Xittttling over the outer tongue 41, and 45 is a scrt-w cout'ttcrsnnk in said washer and screwed into the stud 4?. thus to hold the tongue in pla e and yet allow perfect freedom of expansion and contraction of the valven'ing.

The valve-ring 27 may be regulated from the outside by incurs of a rocking-lever :29, Figs. 1, ii, iii and V, pivotaliy mounted upon a stud or projection it) upon the fronthead a of the motor-casing; and links 3. are preferably piv ted to the ends oi the lever :11 and have binge connection with arms 52., Fig. ill. which are fastened on thsquare ends of rock-shafts 32), working in stallingboxcs or glands in the casino .2, and these rock-shafts 33 carry toothed segments 31 engagin teeth 35 upon the. naive-ring 2T. 'thercl'ore b v vibrating the rocking-lever 2!) in one direct ion. the valve-ring 27 will be turned to open all of the ports 11 of each group, as the openings in the valve-ring 27 are brought into position to connounicate with said ports 11: and the steam or other impelling fluid is thus admitted in greater or less volume to the piston 8. By a reverse vibration of satd lever. oneor more of the ports Will be Closed at the discretion of the operator, thus shutting ott the impelling fluid as required. The teeth 35 are correspondingly arranged in opposite segments so that the ring, sc a'm'ails 7:, are rcspeclively operated npon'by the toothed segments 34 of the -.\"alv -shat'ts S desirable in practice, the valve-ring may be provided with a plurality of internal pro- It found jcct ions constructed to be projected into the steam-ports. for the purpose of partially or entirely closin; the same.

one or more of the compoundingr-dislc: may be omitted in practice if desired. although the employuncut of them all. as shown and described. is designed to utilize approximately all'of the potency of the actuating medium.

The operation of the invention will be readily understood from the foregoing description, when taken in connection with the accompanyin; drawings. and the following explanation thereof. The cmtrse of the impellin; lluid is indicated in Fig. I by difs' ferently barbed arrows. Loss of potential is understood by successively fewer barbs on said arrows. The actuating: medium employed enters through the inlet-nozzle 3, as shown by the seven barbed arrows. the annular chamber 200 in the casing '2. from which. when theopenings in the ring-valve register with the ports 1]. it is directed into the buckets 9. in the piston H, striking); tangentially into the bottom thereof. and is;

turned laterally and discharged in an opposite direction. at the oppositcends of the piston upon the stationary vanes 13 of the stationary directing-ring H. which vanes rcccive the reactive impact of the medium. and direct the same into its initial direction.

.ag'ainst the revolving vanes It of the inner where the medium is directed toward the tangcntial \anes L'l thereof between which it. passes, see Fig. XVI into the oncave coir tcr of the intermediate dish. from wh ncc the E way. With the inclination of thc vanes tt'.

J1, and 26 shown in Figs. X" and XVI, it may be stated that in starting. the main effect. will be produced on the tirst set. of vanes It the etlizct on the vain-s :it and being due to further deflection in the same rotativc direction. lint as the spced increases, the tluid will not be so fully dcticctred by vanes 16, and will exert more effect on vanes 24 and 26.

This in\ cntion is not confined to the use of steam as an actuating, medium, nor is it limited to the specific construction, combination and arrangementof parts herein shown and described, and the rightis reserved to make all such changes in and modifications of the same as come within the spirit and scope of the invention.

In order to eliminate from the motor the liability of friction caused by the unequal expansion of the inner and outer parts, the

piston 8 and the stationary parts adjacent thereto are preferably made 0 metals such as iron and brass, respectivcl having different degrees of expansibili y under high temperatures so that the surrounding circular stationary parts which are of brass and are outside, and therefore more subject to radiation, will expand more than if made of iron, and the piston being inclosed in the ease and not so subject to radiation, will heat to a higher temperature; but being of less expansibility than the brass-casing, it

- will expand more nearly in correspondence with said brass casing than if the piston were made of brass. Therefore the two different degrees of expansibility, by compensating each other, allow a closer fit to be maintained than would otherwise be possible.

It is to be understood that I do not limit myself to the use of iron and brass, but may use any metals which ditier from each other in expansibility so as to ati'ord the desired compensation referred to. Preferably the piston-bands 13 are made of steel. The annular chambers 50 and 51, respectively,

' formed between the disks 17 and 22 and between the disks :22 and 25, respectively, allow an expansion of the steam at those places where the change of direction of the steam occurs. and avoid any retarding ctfect of the strain being applied to the wheel at the times of such change of direction.

The buckets ll are respectively formed in a forwardly depending mid-channel c which leads to the abutment I'ornu'd by the iron; wall of the rcarwardlv and 'uuwardly cxlcudin; l;:tcr:=l (lltllliltlri 0. See Fig. ii. The iltl bands 13 rc:-pcctiv:-ly cover the tan-ml chan a-ls c which tlarc outwardly so that he bo-ty'ol' thc wh cl formed by the l ston and -tccl bands 13 has a series of oppositely coming ports tormin; opposinportions of he lHlllit'tn'. respectively. The impclling-tlnid is admitted rilltlllttlllfifilbly into the mid-clunua-ls c all around the wheel and shikcs the abutnu-nis: v1 and thence presses on the forward walls of the buckets in its movcna-nt to c.'-apc latcrally, thus im pclling the wheel forwardly.

liy se uring the rings l t to the piston they virtually become a part thereof aml as the abutmcnts (I extend up between them substantially to their pcriphcrics the channels or linid receiving passages 1' cxlcnd from the periphery of the wheel inward y and [orwardly to direct the steam agaimt the abutmcnts (I from which it passes ran-wardly with reference to the direction of the rotation of the wheel through the duplicate branches or channels a, said branches being arranged substantially at right angles-to each others This construction and arrangement of'the wheel or piston will cause the steam to be delivered in a very effective manher and will also divide or divert the steam equally to both sides of the wheel and thereby cause it to run with less \ibration or lateral motion than would be the case if the steam were admitted to the periphery at. the sides of the central plane or were not so equally divided, as in the la ter case any variation in the steam pressure at different points of the periphery as the wheel rotated would cause a variation in the lateral pressure at those points, which, in turn would cause lateral motion of the wheel. In addition to this the covering of the outlets of the wheel radially with the rings will cause the outlets to be located in the side of the wheel at such a distance from the periphery as to better confine the steam in its passage from said outlets to the vanes 15. The importance of this will at once become apparent when it is remembered that the wheel must revolve with extraordimiry velocity while subjected to the expansion caused by the heated steam. a wheel built in accordance with the t'orcguing' having attained a velocity of 25,000 revolutions a minute.

The number at groups of inlet-ports in the stationarytort-ring to is preferably greater or less by one than the number of buckets in the piston H. so that. the abutmcnts will not simultaneously pass the steam-inlets. but the transits of the abutmen's across the mouth of the inlets will. be. in succession.

Preferably. in starting the engine, the valve-ring will be thrown into' position to N. mwnrha i.......a,wa... a...

M. s he fully open all of the inlet-ports, thus giving her having ports adapted to deliver expana full head of steam to overcome the inertia. 'hen the engine is under movement, the valve-ring will be adjusted to admit just the amount of steam necessary to maintain the required speed under the load on the shaft ti. Such adjustment may be performed by hand, or by any formof well known governor. not shown, which-can be connected by any available means to the lever 29. In

moving this valve-rim, 27 to close the ports, in the stationary port ring, the larger ports 11 are closed first, as shown in Fig. l, and the valve ring as it is moved further, progressively closes successively smaller ports.

Now having described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters-Patent of the United States is:-

1. A motor comprisinc' a fiuid-pressure chamber with ports, and a rotary piston having a peripheral channel opposite said ports, and provided with covered buckets having inlets opening from said channel and extending on opposite sides thereof.

2. A. motor comprising a pressure chamber provided with ports, anda rotary piston provided with a series of peripheral buckets each having an inlet, and aband over said buckets on each side of the inlets.

3. A 1Il()t0l' COlllI)l'l5lI1g a pressure chamber having ports adapted to deliver expansive fluid at a high velocity, a rotary piston having a central series. of peripheral buckets, each comprising a forwardly inclined inlet and two rearwardly inclined outlets, said outlets being on opposite sides oi their respective inlets, tixed vanes on each side ofthe said buckets, and' vanes on the rotary piston to receive the fluid from said fixed vanes. v

4. A motor comprising a pressure-chamber having ports adapted to deliver expansive fluid at a high velocity. a'rotary piston having a central series of circiunferential buckets each with an outlet on eachside of its inlet, -aid outlets being in a distance from the peripher of the piston',.lixed vanes on each side ol said bucketsz'ind a plurality of series of vanes on the piston adapted to receive the lluid in succession ajl'ter it leaves said lixed vanes. l

A motor comprising a pressure chamher having ports adapted to'djelivercxpan sive fluid ata high velocity, a rotary piston having a central series of circinnferential buckets with outlets on each side of their inlets, fixed vanes on each side -ot said inlets, a series of periphm al vanes un-the piston on each side of the said fixed vanes,.a deflecting means connected to the piston-and adapted to direct, inwardly the discharge from the last-named series of vanes, and an inner $0118.; of vanes on the piston adapted to receiv'e such inwardly directed discharge.

6. A motor comprising a-pressure-chaml l i l l l i sive fluid at a high velocity, a rotary piston h ving a central series of clretunferentlal buckets with outlets on each side of their inlets. fixed vanes on each side of said out- .70

let. a series of peripheral vanes on the piston on each side'ot' the fixed vanes. a deflecting means connected to the iiston and adapted to dlrect inwardly the (lscharge from the last-named series of vanes, an inner series charge from the inner series of vanes.

7. A motor connirising a piston, a stationary ring having vanes, a disk carried by said piston and,hav1'ng circumferential vanes, a

' disk carried by said piston and having circumferential vanes, a disk upon the piston and having a'concave rim and extended hub provided with vanes and a disk carried with the last mentioned d1sk and provided with vanes.

8. A pistonfor rotary engines comprising a cylindrical body, the periphery of which is provided with a series of abntments'arranged cent'rall; around the same, and rearwardly inclined channels leading from said abutmcnts in'opposite directions. the abutmeats projecting above the periphery and the channels increasing in area toward the outlet. w

t). A motor provided with a casing and a piston constructed to move therein-out of .100 -cont act therewith, said casur; having internal annular grooves-on each side of the 'nud-plane thereof, each groove being pro: vided with an acute angle, whereby the actu-- ating medium is retained as a packing b0 t ween said parts.

10. A motor con'iprlsmg-gm annular pressure chamberhaving inside fixed ports arrangedzin groups and adapted lO-(ltillVtf ex pansivc fluid, and a valve-ring having ports adapted to ('uiipel'ate .with the fixed port-s. 11. A mot'oiacomprising an annular pressure. chamber -n'ovidcd with lnlctporls, a

piStOnand a valve-ring constructt'ul -lo p:'u'-' tlally or entirely close'sa'ul openings, said ring being divided so as to lit the inlet ports more closely. 12. A motor comprising a pressure chainher provided with inlet ports. arranged in groups, the ports of which groups are of varionssizes, and valve-means constructed to progressively close the ports of succcs-s sively smaller size.

13.'A motor comprising a casing, a piston rotatably mounted therein, the. periphery of 12;; which is-provided with centrally arranged abutments and rearwardly inclined channels extending in opposite directions therefrom. bands around the-piston, the inner edges of which are at-adistance' apart: to formiali annular space around the piston, and a ring around the bands provided with perforations to register with said space.

-14. A motor provided with a casing having inlet-ports. a piston and a ring-valve formed in segments, screws fastening the segments together and working in slots, re-

speetirely, in the segments. whereby the ring-valve will beeome enlarged bv the expansion of the parts.

15. A moi or comprising a casing, a piston rotatably mounted therein, the periphery ol' whit-h is provided with centrally arranged abutments and rem'wardly lllt'lllll'tl elmnnels extending in opposite directions therefronng bandsaround the piston, one on eat-h side of said ahutineuts. the llll1U1"t'tl L 'tS of which i are at a distanige apart and eat-h band overlaps the entrance to said channels.- and a ring around the bands provided withperfora-' tipns to register with the spat-e between the bands.

16. A motor eomprisim, a easing provided 'with an inwardly extending hollow projection, a piston rotatably mounted in the casing. the periphery of whieh is provided with eentrally arranged ahutnients and rearwardly int-lined channels leading in opposite direetions therefrom, hands around the pis- L ton. one on each side of. said abutments,'the

- inner edges of whiqh are at a distance apart,-

; a ventrally 'ierforatedsring aroiiiid the bands, an annular disk secured to each side uf the projection of the t-using, eat-l. disk overlapping one edge of the piston. the band on that side and the fin s'tiid disk being provided with deflector vanes, and a r0ta table eompounding disk beyond eaeh annular,

dislt. and provided with oppositely arranged delleetor vanes. In testimony whereof I have signed my 5 name to this spet'ilitzttitm in the presence of .two subscribing witnesses; at Los .-\ngeles, California. this 21stda v of January. 1901.

SOLOMON TOWNSEND HOLLY. Witnesses; v

Cnanmzs 5. Run-ms,

j Janus It." 'l'owissnso. 

